| TENSE AND ASPECT | USAGE | EXAMPLE SENTENCES |
| PAST TENSE, IMPERFECTIVE ASPECT | Used to designate an action that began and ended at a particular time in the past; the result is not important for the speaker | Вчера вечером он читал книгу. |
| | Used for an action that occurred over period of time but was completed in the past; the action, not duration, is emphasized | Он плавал в бассейне весь день. |
| | Used for an activity that took place regularly in the past | Во время каникул мы ходили в кино каждое утро. |
| | Used for actions occurred over period of time simultaneously but were completed in the past | Когда я читал книгу, брат смотрел телевизор. |
| | Used when the result of an action is nullified, i.e. an opposite action occurred | В комнате холодно, потому что я открывал окно. (i.e. открыл и закрыл) |
| | Used for an action that occurred over period of time but was completed in the past. The duration is emphasized | Он строил дом целый месяц. |
| PAST TENSE, PERFECTIVE ASPECT | Used to emphasize the result of an action that began and ended at a particular time in the past | Вчера вечером я прочитал книгу от начала до конца. |
| | Used for a past action that had a result before another past action that also had a result | Когда мы пришли в класс, учитель уже ушёл домой. Мы успели сыграть партию в шахматы до того, как пришёл Андрей. |
| | Used when the result of an action remains | Он надел новую рубашку. (i.e. он надел и сейчас она надета) |
| | Used to designate an action that began and ended at a particular time in the past; the time during which the result was achieved is emphasized | Он построил дом за месяц. |
| PRESENT TENSE, IMPERFECTIVE ASPECT | Used for a present state of affairs | Андрей живёт в Москве. |
| | Used for a general fact | Волга впадает в Каспийское море. Солнце встаёт на востоке. |
| | Used for habitual actions | Каждое утро он читает газеты. |
| | Used for future timetables and arrangements | Поезд отходит в 12:00. Решено. Мы идём в кино. |
| | Used for a specific action that is occurring | На улице идёт сильный дождь. |
| | Used for an activity that takes place over period of time specified | Они играют в теннис уже 2 часа. |
| FUTURE TENSE, IMPERFECTIVE ASPECT | Used for an action that will be ongoing or repeating at a particular time in the future, but it is not known whether will be finished of not | Завтра утром я буду играть в теннис. Вечером она будет готовить ужин. |
| FUTURE TENSE, PERFECTIVE ASPECT | Used for an action that will be finished at a particular time in the future | Скоро он узнает хорошие новости. Вечером она приготовит ужин. |
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